孕穗期低温胁迫下不同磷营养对水稻生长发育影响的研究

摘要

以不同耐冷性品种吉粳81和长白9为供试材料,进行不同的磷肥施用量处理（施入磷酸二铵分别为0、40、80、120和160 kg/hm2）,对孕穗期低温胁迫下不同磷营养对水稻株高、穗抽出度、穗长、结实率以及单穴产量进行研究。结果表明,低温胁迫会抑制吉粳81和长白9植株生长,导致穗抽出度、穗长、结实率以及产量下降,且对非耐冷型品种长白9的影响要高于吉粳81。低温胁迫下当施磷量≤120 kg/hm2时,随着施磷量的增加,长白9和吉粳81的株高、穗抽出度、穗长、结实率和单穴产量均明显增加。表明适当的增施磷肥可提高低温胁迫下水稻结实率和产量,延缓低温导致的株高矮小,穗抽出度和穗长的降低。且对非耐冷性品种的影响比耐冷品种更明显。考虑产量因素,两品种均以120 kg/hm2施磷量最好。%Two different cold tolerant rice varieties,Jijing 81 and Changbai 9 were selected,and were transplanted into pot.P was added into pot at transplant stage and P concentration levels at 0,40,80,120 and 160 kg/hm2 respectively.Plant height,panicle neck length,panicle length,grain filling rate and yield were investigated under low temperature stress.The results showed that Plant height,panicle neck length,panicle length,grain filling rate and yield were decreased under low temperature stress.As the increasing of P fertilizer application,plant growth,panicle neck length,panicle length,grain filling rate and yield were increased as well under low temperature stress.The results indicated that Plant growth,panicle neck length,panicle length,grain filling rate and yield were enhanced by application of phosphorus,and the chillling resistance of rice can be improved.Phosphorus had a more significant effect on growth in non-chilling cultivar than in chilling-tolerant cultivar.Considering the grain yield,120 kg/hm2 Phosphorus was suitable.