A simple and economical approach to produce graphene nanosheets (GNSs)in quantity based on the thermal expansion of graphite oxide (GO)powder has been developed,and the as-prepared GNS was further used for the detection of different trace heavy metal ions including Cu2+,Pb2+,and Cd2+. The few-layer GNSs with defects and residual -OH groups were shown to be particularly well suited for the determination of metal ions in the liquid phase using an electrochemical method,in which a remarkably low detection limit of 10-11 mol/L for Pb2+ was achieved. The high-yield production technique of GNSs combined with the high sensitivity for the detection of metal ions could promote the development of the industrial manufacture of graphene-based nanosensors.%以氧化石墨的高温膨胀为基础,研发了一种简便经济的高产量制备石墨烯的工艺,考察了制备得到的石墨烯对痕量重金属离子的检测性能,检测离子包括Cu2+、Pb2+和Cd2+.所制薄层石墨烯存在部分结构缺陷和残余羟基官能团,电化学检测结果表明,这种结构的石墨烯在检测液相中重金属离子的过程中表现出了很好的性质,尤其是对铅离子的检测限达到了10-11 mol/L.将高产量制备石墨烯的方法与其在重金属检测中表现出的良好应用前景结合起来将会极大推进工业化生产石墨烯基纳米传感器的发展.
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