The term microglia refers to the group of resident brain immune-cells that are responsible,mainly,for the immune response and the homeostasis of the brain.Unlike monocyte-derived macrophages that infiltrate the brain,microglia are longlived cells which arise exclusively from the embryonic yolk sac(Stratoulias et al.,2019).Impairment in microglia functions is at the basis for the development of multiple brain diseases,including multiple sclerosis and neurodegenerative diseases.In the last decade,the number of research articles and reviews dealing with the role of microglia in the pathogenesis of brain disorders has exponentially increased.
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