Arteriovenous malformations: the newest Sonic hedgehog game in the postnatal brain

摘要

The morphogen Sonic hedgehog(Shh)is crucial for the embryonic development of the central nervous system,but is also an important player in the postnatal brain,with activities that range from the modulation of self-renewal and specification of neural stem cells to the regulation of neural regeneration after injury.Active Shh signaling occurs also in molecular subclasses of brain tumors,such as medulloblastoma and adult glioma.