Neuronal differentiation of adipose-derived stem cells and their transplantation for cerebral ischemia

摘要

OBJECTIVE:To review published data on the biological characteristics,differentiation and applications of adipose-derived stem cells in ischemic diseases.DATA RETRIEVAL:A computer-based online search of reports published from January 2005 to June 2012 related to the development of adipose-derived stem cells and their transplantation for treatment of cerebral ischemia was performed in Web of Science using the key words "adipose-derived stem cells","neural-like cells","transplantation","stroke",and "cerebral ischemia".SELECTION CRITERIA:The documents associated with the development of adipose-derived stem cells and their transplantation for treatment of cerebral ischemia were selected,and those published in the last 3-5 years or in authoritative journals were preferred in the same field.Totally 89 articles were obtained in the initial retrieval,of which 53 were chosen based on the inclusion criteria.MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES:Biological characteristics and induced differentiation of adipose-derived stem cells and cell transplantation for disease treatment as well as the underlying mechanism of clinical application.RESULTS:The advantages of adipose-derived stem cells include their ease of procurement,wide availability,rapid expansion,low tumorigenesis,low immunogenicity,and absence of ethical constraints.Preclinical experiments have demonstrated that transplanted adipose-derived stem cells can improve neurological functions,reduce small regions of cerebral infarction,promote angiogenesis,and express neuron-specific markers.The improvement of neurological functions was demonstrated in experiments using different methods and time courses of adipose-derived stem cell transplantation,but the mechanisms remain unclear.CONCLUSION:Further research into the treatment of ischemic disease by adipose-derived stem cell transplantation is needed to determine their mechanism of action.