State Key Laboratory of Material Processing and Die&Mould Technology;
School of Materials Science and Engineering;
Huazhong University of Science and Technology;
Wuhan 430074;
Hubei;
China;
b Wuhan National Laboratory for Optoelectronics and School of Optical and Electronic Information;
Huazhong University of Science and Technology;
Wuhan 430074;
Hubei;
China;
Department of Mechanics;
School of Aerospace Engineering;
Huazhong University of Science and Technology;
Wuhan 430074;
Hubei;
China;
Sn foil anode; 3D interconnected porous structure; Grain refinement; Uniform alloying/dealloying reaction; Chemo-mechanical failure;