固定矫治器治疗对牙周组织的长期影响观察

摘要

目的探讨固定矫治器正畸方法对牙周组织的影响。方法回顾性分析2010年1月-2012年1月在本院接受固定矫治器正畸治疗并完成随访的53名患者，分别检测其戴入矫治器前，戴入后第1、3、6个月以及拆除前、拆除后1、3个月的菌斑指数(PLI)、龈沟出血指数(SBI)、探诊深度(PD)、附着丧失(AL)四项牙周临床指标。结果 PLI、SBI、PD指数均随治疗时间呈上升趋势，第1个月PLI、SBI上升幅度最大，并于拆除前达到最高。治疗第1个月PLI、PD与治疗前尚无统计学差异，治疗后6个月时，PLI、SBI与治疗前1周相比差异均有统计学意义；治疗完成拆除矫正器后，PLI、SBI、PD指数均呈显著下降趋势，并基本在6个月时恢复到治疗前水平，而且PLI指数较治疗前有显著性改善。所有患者均未检测到附着丧失。结论固定矫治器治疗虽然在治疗期内会造成牙菌斑堆积、牙龈肿胀等不同的牙周不良反应，但不会对牙周组织产生永久性的影响。%Objective To observe the long term influence of the fixed orthodontic treatment on the Periodontal status. Methods 53 patients receiving fixed orthodontic treatment in our hospital in 2010.1-2012.1 were followed up during the whole observing period, and the plaque index(PLI), gingival index(GI), sulcus bleeding index(SBI), probing depth(PD) and attachment loss(AL) of the observed teeth were examined before orthodontic treatment; one month, three months and six months after treatment; one month and six months after treatment ended. Results The PLI, SBI, PD index increased with the treatment time and reached the top before removing the appliance. The PLI, SBI increased faster in the frst month and were significantly different in the six month with the time before treatment. After the appliance was removed, the periodontal indexes descended and had no significantly difference with the indexes before treatment in the six month after the appliance removed, besides, the PLI was significantly different with the index before treatment. Conclution The fixed orthodontic appliances indeed influenced the periodontal status negativly but had no adverse effect in the long run.