基于CAD/CAM的宝石加工设备控制系统设计与实现∗

摘要

The equipment realizes the integration of design, rounding of type, grinding and polishing of gemstone carved grinding method, and it is based on CAD/CAM integration theory by the way of human-computer interaction with combination of upper computer and lower computer. Firstly, the control principle of the movement function of each part of equipment is analyzed and upper computer and lower computer control systems are developed by using the separation way of control program and processing data. The ex-ploiting works of upper computer control software are finished by using the VC++ software, and the graph-ics file information is converted to data which under computer can identify it by building processing data structure. Lower computer adopts STM32F10X series MCU as the core processor with sensors technology and grating ruler, and uses closed-loop control algorithm after receiving upper computer signals. The equip-ment performs gemstone processing automatically under the special motor driver after data processing. Final-ly, test results demonstrate that the equipment improves precision and efficiency of gemstone processing.%该设备基于CAD/CAM 集成理论，采用上位机与下位机结合的人机交互方法，实现宝石的设计、围型、刻磨和抛光一体化加工。首先分析了实现设备的各部位运动功能的控制原理，然后用加工数据与控制程序分离的方案分别对上位机和下位机控制系统进行开发。上位机控制软件的开发在VC++环境中完成，通过构建加工数据结构，把图形文件信息转换成下位机能够识别运行的数据。下位机以STM32 F10 X系列MCU为控制核心，辅以专用的电机，配合传感器和光栅尺，接收上位机信号后采用闭环控制算法。系统进行数据处理后，在专用电机的驱动下自动执行宝石的加工工序。测试表明，该系统提高了宝石加工的精度和效率。