轻质多层复合结构气瓶热防护层研究

摘要

Pressure vessels on the rocket engine endure a long-time high dense heat environment while the rocket flying. It can lead to the reduction of safety level and reliability. Aiming at this problem, a research on a novel thermal protective layer used on the pressure vessel is carried out. The thermal protective layer is designed into a multi-layer composite structure and a new loosen low-dense fiber material is applied as the key part. Also, thermal analysis and hot test in vacuum condition are conducted. The results show that the new thermal protective layer could stand the long-time high dense heat flux and effectively protect the pressure vessel, hence greatly improve the reliability of pressure vessel and ensure the safety of flight.%火箭飞行过程中,长时间高强度的热流冲击会使发动机钛合金气瓶温度升高,从而导致气瓶的安全系数及可靠性降低.针对此问题,开展了气瓶热防护层研究,气瓶热防护层采用多层复合结构的设计方案;采用一种新型轻质疏松纤维材料——柔性隔热毡作为热防护层的重要隔热层;进行了热防护层的热分析计算和热真空试验验证.结果表明:气瓶热防护层能够承受长时间高强度热流冲击,对气瓶进行有效热防护,提高了气瓶的可靠性,保障了飞行安全.