关节软骨火器伤后软骨退变过程中组织病理学改变的观察

摘要

Objective To investigate the pathological change in articular cartilages after firearm injury.Methods Four rabbits from 28 New Zealand healthy rabbits were chosen as control group and subjected to joint capsule incision only. Another 24 rabbits were equally divided into 6 experimental groups( groups B to G) and subjected to medial femoral condyle cartilage surface damage by the nail gun.After the operation, their specimens were collected after 6 h,3 d,7 d,14 d,28 d and 56 d, respectively.Tissue sections were observed and stained by HE staining and toluidine blue staining.The histolopathological changes in articular cartilage after firearm injury were detected.Results The color of articular cartilages in experimental groups became lighter, the cell number increased but then decreased, the articular cartilage layer disappeared, the cell shape became uneven, cells began to cluster and the Mankin score increased, and the statistical differences between experimental groups and control group were significant.Conclusion The histological pathological changes in articular cartilages after fiream injury seem to follow some pattern.The degeneration seems obvious after 7 days and then becomes heavier.%目的：研究关节软骨火器伤后软骨退变过程中组织病理学改变。方法28只健康成年新西兰大白兔随机选取4只为对照组，只行关节囊切开，另24只为实验组，行射钉枪致股骨内侧髁软骨面损伤。术后6h、3d、7d、14 d、28 d、56 d收集标本，每组4只，进行大体观察、HE染色、甲苯胺蓝，观察火器伤后关节软骨退变过程中病理改变。结果实验组关节软骨染色逐渐变浅，细胞数量先增多后逐渐减少，关节软骨层次逐渐消失，细胞大小逐渐不均匀，细胞开始聚集，Mankin评分逐步增加，与对照组比较差异有统计学意义。结论火器伤后关节软骨退变有一定规律，在伤后7d退变明显，随后逐渐加重。