自动气象站地表温度测量方式的改进

摘要

There are two soil surface temperature measurement methods at present：One is the four-sensorcombination mode and the other is the single sensor mode.Through the analysis on the measurement mode of soil surface temperature sensor and the signal acquisition principle,the authors discuss a measuring technique of using the single temperature sensor to substitute four temperature sensors.Besides,the improvement of measurement mode meets requirement of the ground-based weather observation standard of 2003 edition issued by the China Meteorological Administration.It has guaranteed uniformity and commensurability of the measurement mode of soil surface temperature.Meanwhile it cuts down the breakdown probability of temperature sensor and reduces the maintenance cost of AWS,which is easy to promote the application.%针对目前各地自动气象站两种地表温度的测量方式,即：四支传感器组合模式和单支传感器测量模式共存的现状,从分析地温传感器的测量技术以及信号采集原理人手,探讨了一种可以将四支温度传感器化简成为单支温度传感器的方法。经过改进后的测量方式,符合中国气象局《地面气象观测规范》（2003）的要求,保证了各个自动气象站之间地温测量方式的一致性和可比性。同时,该方式能够有效地降低地温传感器的隐性故障概率,减少自动气象站的维护成本。