崩落法深部开采岩移及地表塌陷规律分析研究

摘要

Dahongshan iron mine is one of the largest underground mining mines in our country,and its sublevel caving structural parameters in the main mining area are leading demostic now. Large-scale deep mining has caused complex stresses among every mining areas. Rock movement and surface subsidence law induced by deep mining of sublevel caving was studied after the overburden caving in chamber blasting in Dahongshan iron mine,and the surface subsidence and the cracks develo-ping process were summarized. Through the systematic analysis on the impact of deep mining on surface subsidence and crack-ing,the rock caving angle resulting from rock movement was obtained. According to the value,the scope of future surface crack-ing was delineated. Through analyzing ground surface subsidence and related underground pressure monitoring data,the conclu-sions that surface of collapse pit and underground rock tend to be relatively stable after blasting was got,which indicates that o-verburden failure of the sublevel caving plays an important role in releasing high stress of the deep mining,ensuring adequate overburden thickness and controlling the rock movement.%大红山铁矿为国内规模最大的地下开采矿山之一，其主采区无底柱分段崩落法结构参数为国内领先，大规模深部开采导致各采区之间应力较为复杂。针对大红山铁矿硐室爆破冒落上覆岩层后，崩落法深部开采引发的岩层移动及地表塌陷规律展开研究，总结地表塌陷区沉降及其裂缝的发展过程，系统分析了深部开采对地表沉降及开裂的影响，得出了岩移导致的陷落角。通过地表沉降及相关井下地压监测数据分析，得到了硐室爆破后，塌陷区地表及井下岩层趋于稳定的结论，表明崩落法上覆岩层冒落对于缓解深部开采高应力、保证足够覆盖岩层厚度、控制岩层移动具有重要作用。