岩石节理裂隙的精确检测是判定矿山开挖稳定性的关键,一般的检测步骤是从原始图像中提取出有效的裂隙信息,通过识别感兴趣区域来获取特征知识,从而完成对图像的理解.首先对矿山岩石节理裂隙的特征进行概括分析;然后对近30 a来岩石节理裂隙检测方法进行分类,系统地介绍了模式识别方法、数学形态学方法和分形学方法的理论依据、优缺点以及研究成果,并对这几种方法进行了分析比较;最后对岩石节理裂隙检测方法的现状及发展趋势进行了总结.%Accurate detection of rock joint and fissure is the key to judge the stability of mine. The general detection steps are to extract the effective fracture information from the original image. The feature knowledge is obtained by identifying regions of interest,so as to complete the understanding of the image. The features of the mine rock fracture were summarized and analyzed firstly. Then the methods of rock fracture detection have been classified for recent 30 years,and the theoretical ba-sis,advantages and disadvantages,research achievements based on the methods of pattern recognition,mathematical morphology and fractal theory were systematically introduced. These several methods were analyzed and compared. Finally,the present situ-ation and development trend of rock joint and fissure detection was summarized.
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