我国金属矿山露天采矿技术进展及发展趋势

摘要

The technical progress of open pit mining in metal mines since the founding of the people's Republic of China are introduced and compared with the advanced level at abroad.It is concluded that such techniques as open-pit steep mining, and high bench mining,wearing explosive technology have been developed rapidly and have a certain technical advantage.They basically follow the international trend,and some of them even approached the international leading level.The open pit trans-portation system,large-scale equipment and automation have been closed to the international advanced level.Meanwhile,there still exists a large gap in the digital mine,mining monitoring means and modern management,and so on.It is proposed that within a period of time in the future,the opencast mining technology trends to the continuous,concentrated mining process and the equipment are large-scale and intelligent.The extremely deep open-pit mining,wasteless mining technology,digital mine are intended to be explored.%介绍了建国以来，我国金属矿山露天采矿技术取得的进展，并与国外先进水平进行了比较，得出我国在露天矿陡帮开采、高台阶开采、穿爆技术方面发展迅速并具有一定的技术优势，基本是跟随国际研究趋势，甚至部分技术达到了国际领先。在露天矿山运输系统、设备大型化、自动化方面已经接近国际先进水平，在数字矿山、开采监控手段现代化以及矿山现代管理等方面差距较大。提出了今后一段时期内，露天采矿技术的发展趋势是开采工艺连续化、集中化，装备水平大型化、智能化，开发极深露天矿开采、无废开采技术，建设数字化矿山等。