巴基斯坦山达克铜(金)矿床控矿因素及找矿标志

摘要

巴基斯坦山达克铜(金)矿位于查盖—拉斯克赫成矿带,产于近EW向Saindak断裂(F1)及SN向Amalaf(FA)断裂之间.结合该矿区地质勘探成果,对矿区成矿地质背景、矿区地质特征、矿床地质特征进行了分析,并对控矿因素、矿床成因进行了讨论.研究表明:①矿体主要赋存于云英闪长斑岩岩体的绢英岩化带内,多呈透镜状、似层状产出,厚度稳定,矿化均匀;②矿石矿物以黄铜矿、斑铜矿、黄铁矿等为主,矿石组构以结晶结构、交代结构及细脉—浸染状构造为主;③矿区蚀变作用强烈,绢云母化、硅化与矿化关系密切,自上而下可划分为钾化硅化带(Kp)、绢英岩化带(Phl)、青磐岩化带(Prl);④矿床主要受岩浆岩、构造、围岩蚀变及围岩控制,矿体受山达克闪长玢岩、云英闪长玢岩及云英闪长斑岩复式岩体的控制作用明显,属浅成岩浆热液型矿床.在上述分析的基础上,分别从构造、岩浆岩、蚀变、矿化露头等方面总结了矿区找矿标志,综合控矿特征及矿化特征分析认为,构造交汇部位、蚀变(分带)地段及矿化露头可作为寻找同类斑岩型矿床的有利标志.%Saindak copper (gold) deposit is located in the Chagai-Raskon ore belt,which is outputted between east-westward Saindak fault (F1) and south-northward Amalaf fault (FA).Combing with some related geological and prospecting results of the mining area,the regional metallogenic geological background,geological characteristics of the mining area and deposit are analyzed,and the ore-controlling factors and deposit genesis of the deposit are discussed in depth.The analysis results show that:①the copper-gold ore-bodies are hosted in the sericite-quartz alteration belt of greisen-quartz diorite porphyry mass,which is occurred as lenticular and stratiform-like,and characterized by stable thickness and uniform mineralization;②the chalcopyrite,bornite and iron pyrite are the main minerals,which developed crystal structure,metasomatic texture vein-disseminated and other ore fabric;③The Saindak mining area has accepted the strongly wall-rock alteration,which can be divided into potassicsilicification alteration belt (Kp),sericite-quartz alteration belt (Phl) and propylitization alteration belt (Prl) from up to down,and the sericitization and silicification are closely related to mineralization;④the Saindak copper-gold deposit is belongs to the hypabyssal magmatic hydrothermal type gold deposit,which is mainly controlled by magmatic rock,tectonic,wall-rock alteration and surrounding rock,especially,the ore-bodies has been strictly controlled by dioritic porphyrite,greisen-quartz dioritic porphyrite and greisen-quartz diorite porphyry.Based on the above analysis results,the prospecting indicators of the Saindark mining area are summarized from the aspects of tectonic,magmatic rock,alteration and mineralized outcrop.Based on comprehensive analysis of ore-controlling characteristics and mineralization characteristics,it is points that the intersection part of structure,alteration (zonation) and mineralized outcrops can be regarded as the favorable prospecting indicators of the Saindak mining area and other porphyry deposits.