同种异体半月板移植临床应用进展

摘要

目前对于严重的半月板损伤患者，临床上在半月板的保留和修复技术上存在较大的困难，同种异体半月板移植可恢复膝关节半月板的解剖和生理结构，重建膝关节生物力学环境，避免因半月板切除引起的膝关节退变。同时半月板具有免疫屏蔽和良好的组织相容性等特点，随着关节镜技术的进一步发展，同种异体半月板移植已经成为严重半月板损伤治疗的一项重要技术方法，通过随访观察，具有较好的中短期疗效，远期疗效尚需要进一步研究。%For patients with severe meniscus injury ,there is a big difficulty in meniscus maintaining and repair technology.Meniscus allograft transplantation can restore the anatomical and physiological structure of the knee joint meniscus,and reconstruct the knee joint biomechanics environment ,so it can avoid the degen-eration of the knee joint due to resection of meniscus .There are many characteristics of the meniscus such as immune evasion and good histocompatibility,and with the development of arthroscopic technique,meniscus allograft transplantation has become an important technology for the treatment of serious meniscus jury . Meniscus allograft transplantation shows good curative efficacy in short-term follow-up,while the long-term curative efficacy still needs further research .