Objective To observe the clinical efficacy of early anti-tuberculosis( TB) treatment in eld-erly diabetic patients with TB.Methods Total of 90 pulmonary elderly patients with diabetes combined with TB hospitalized in Huaian Fourth People′s Hospital from January 2013 to December 2014 were included in the study,and were divided into study group and control group according to random number table method,45 cases each.The control group was treated with conventional treatment,injections 5 U semi-synthetic human insulin three times per day,the pationts were not treated with regular anti-TB treatment,the patients were not treated with regular anti-TB treatment,oral pioglitazone 15-30 mg once per day.The study group was treated with early routine anti-TB treatment, oral 0.45 g rifampicin 1 time/d,0.75 g ethambutol 1 time/d,0.5 g pyrazinamide 3 times/d.Subcutaneous injection of 1.6 mg thymosin α1 ,2 times/week for one month groups the hypoglycemic method was the same as the control group.The clinical therapeutic effect of the two was observed.Results The number of markedly effective cases of the study group was 30 of effective cases was 12,of ineffective cases was 3,forming an effective rate of 93.3%.The corresponding data of the control group was 22,10,13,71.1% respectively,and the study group′s efficacy was significantly higher than the control group(P<0.05).TB symptoms disappearance time,lung function indexes returning to normal time,medica-tion application time of the study group were significantly lower than the control group [ ( 5.6 ±1.2 ) d vs (8.5 ±1.6) d,(8.2 ±1.6) d vs ( 11.8 ±2.1) d,(11.7 ±2.1) d vs (17.8 ±3.3) d],the differences were statistically significant ( P <0.01 ) .Conclusion The clinical efficacy of early conventional anti-TB treatment for elderly patients with diabetes combined with pulmonary TB is significant , which can quickly relieve symptoms of patients,and is worthy of clinical application and promotion .%目的：观察早期规则抗结核治疗老年糖尿病伴肺结核的临床疗效。方法选取2013年1月至2014年12月淮安市第四人民医院收治的90例住院老年糖尿病合并肺结核患者为研究对象，将其按照随机数字表法分为研究组与对照组，各45例。对照组患者采取常规治疗，患者每日3次注射5 U半合成人胰岛素，每日1次口服15～30 mg吡格列酮，未进行规则抗结核治疗。研究组患者采取早期规则抗结核治疗，口服0．45 g利福平，每日1次，0．75 g乙胺丁醇，每日1次，0．5 g吡嗪酰胺，每日3次，皮下注射1．6 mg胸腺肽α1，2次／周，连续治疗1个月，降糖方法同对照组。观察两组的临床治疗效果。结果研究者患者显效30例，有效12例，无效3例，治疗有效率为93．3％。对照组患者显效22例，有效10例，无效13例，治疗有效率为71．1％，研究组患者的治疗有效率显著高于对照组患者，差异有统计学意义（ P＜0．05）。研究组患者的肺结核症状消失时间、肺功能指标恢复正常水平时间、药物治疗实施时间均显著短于对照组[（5．6±1．2） d比（8．5±1．6） d，（8．2±1．6） d比（11．8±2．1） d，（11．7±2．1） d比（17．8±3．3） d]，差异有统计学意义（P ＜0．01）。结论临床中对于老年糖尿病伴肺结核患者实施早期规则抗结核治疗效果显著，能够快速地缓解患者的临床症状，值得临床中应用与推广。
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