结节性筋膜炎的高频超声表现

摘要

结节性筋膜炎(NF)可见于全身各处,其高频超声表现多样,多数病变的高频超声表现为形态规则、边界清楚、无明显包膜的均匀低回声或以低回声为主的混合回声结节,一般血流信号不丰富.NF根据解剖位置可分为皮下型、筋膜型及肌内型,不同分型的NF有其相对特征性的高频超声表现;根据病变主要的组织成分可分为黏液型、细胞型和纤维型,不同组织病理学亚型的超声表现具有一定特征,尤其是彩色多普勒血流表现.NF的组织病理学表现与其高频超声表现有一定的相关性,不同的高频超声表现反映了不同的组织病理学特征.高频超声对NF的诊断及鉴别诊断具有重要的临床价值,可作为首选的影像学检查方法.%Nodular fasciitis (NF) occurs in different body parts,and the high frequency ultrasonographic features of NF are varied.High frequency sonographic evaluation of most lesions demonstrate regular morphology,clear border,no capsule,homogeneous hypoechoic or predominantly hypoechoic with mixed echogenicity,usually with no substantial vascularity.According to their anatomical location,the lesions are categorized as subcutaneous,fascial,and intramuscular.Different types of NF have relatively characteristic high frequency sonographic features.NF can be histologically divided into 3 subtypes:myxoid,cellular,and fibrous.High frequency sonographic features of different histologic subtypes have certain characteristics,especially in color Doppler sonogram.The histopathological manifestations of NF are correlated with its high frequency ultrasonography,and different high frequency ultrasonic manifestations reflect different histopathological features.High frequency sonography has important clinical value in the diagnosis and differential diagnosis of NF,and can be used as the preferred imaging examination.