RICU病房气管切开病人吸痰方法探讨

摘要

目的 探讨重症监护(RICU)病房气管切开病人舒适有效的吸痰方法.方法 将RICU病房60例气管切开病人随机分为现察组和对照组,观察组用听诊器置胸骨上窝听诊气道有痰鸣音时,立即先抽吸口鼻腔分泌物后再从气管切开处吸痰,口鼻腔和气管切开处分别用两条吸痰管；对照组为护士站在病人床旁听到有咳嗽声或呼吸窘迫来判断病人有痰时,先抽吸气管切开处痰液,再抽吸口鼻腔分泌物,且使用同一条吸痰管,观察两组吸痰过程中出现的不良反应和吸痰效果.结果 两组吸痰过程中出现不良反应和并发症情况比较差异有统计学意义(P＜0.05),观察组吸痰效果优于对照组(P＜0.05).结论 RICU病房气管切开病人用听诊器置胸骨上窝听诊气道有痰鸣音时,立即先抽吸口鼻腔分泌物后再从气管切开处吸痰,口鼻腔和气管切开处分别用两条吸痰管,能有效地减少吸痰时出现的不良反应,提高病人吸痰舒适度和减少吸痰次数,提高排痰效果.%Objective To investigate The effective and comfortable method of endotracheal suctioning on patient after incision of trachea in RICU. Methods randomize 60 cases after incision of trachea in RICU into experimental group and control group. In experimental group when auscultate wheezy phlegm on suprasternal fossa using stethoscope, suck the secretion in mouth and nasal cavity immediately,and then proceed the endotracheal suctioning,using two different sputum aspirator pipe. In control group, our nurse stands bedside the patient, and proceed endotracheal suctioning, then suck the secretion in mouth and nasal cavity, using the same sputum aspirator pipe, when hearing the patient cough or with respiratory embarrassment. Evaluate the adverse effect and effectiveness of the two group. Results The experimental group is more effective than the control group,to a statistically significant degree(P<0. 05). Conclusion When auscultate wheezy phlegm on suprasternal fossa using stethoscope, suck the secretion in mouth and nasal cavity immediately, and then proceed the endotracheal suctioning, using two different sputum aspirator pipe,can diminish the adverse effect and enhance the degree of comfort,decrease the frequency of endotracheal suctioning,improve the effectiveness of sputum discharge.