Objective:To understand the epidemiological characteristics of DTaP vaccine AEFI cases in order to give a reference to improve vaccine quality and vaccination service. Method:One hundred and eight-nine DTaP vaccine AEFI cases were surveyed and the descriptive epidemiological method was used. Result:All AEFIs were vaccine reaction following immunization,among which common vaccine reaction took up 98.4%. Of all cases the urban-to-rural ratio was 1.8:1 and the male-to-female ratio was 1.3:1. Median age was one year and seven months. 42.3%of all AEFI happened on the vaccination day and 45.5%appeared the next day. 66.1%of cases got clinical symptoms of local swelling and 49.7%got fever and 41.3%got local induration. The incidence of local swelling was higher than local induration. The incidence of cases among one-year-old and two-year-old age group was higher than<1 year old age group. 95.5%of cases got better or cured. June and July were high-occurrence months. The proportion was higher among cases with fourth dose of vaccination. Conclusion:The safety of DTaP is good. The quality of vaccination should be improved to lower the incidence of DTaP AEFI cases. It is as well important to publicize and educate AEFI knowledge.%目的：分析接种无细胞百白破疫苗（DTaP）发生疑似预防接种异常反应（AEFI）病例的流行病学特征，为改进疫苗质量和提高预防接种服务质量提供参考。方法：对189例报告的接种DTaP发生AEFI的病例进行调查，采用描述流行病学方法进行分析。结果：所有AEFI均为接种不良反应，其中一般反应占98.4%，病例的城乡比为1.8：1，男女比为1.3：1，年龄的中位数为1岁7个月，接种后1 d发生AEFI病例占45.5%，当天发生占42.3%，AEFI的主要临床症状局部红肿、发热和局部硬结的发生率分别为66.1%、49.7%和41.3%，局部红肿的发生率高于局部硬结，1岁~和2岁~年龄组局部红肿的发生率均高于0岁~年龄组，95.5%病例转归良好或治愈，6、7月份为高发时段，接种第4剂次后发生AEFI的比例最高。结论：DTaP安全性较好，接种单位应进一步规范接种操作，降低AEFI的发生率，同时做好接种DTaP发生AEFI的相关知识的宣传教育工作。
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