Granular materials exist widely in nature,industry and engineering applications and perform complex mechanical behaviors.Theoretical analysis,numerical simulations and physical experiments were adopted to investigate the mechanical properties of granular systems and to solve the engineering problems.The discrete element method(DME)was proposed in 1970s and has been a practical approach to study the macro and mesoscopic behaviors of various granular materials.Although numerical methods have been successfully applied to the study of basic physical and mechanical properties of granular materials,there are still many challenges in computational granular mechanics,such as the construction of real particle morphology,flow characteristics of granular materials,multi-media and multiscale modelling and high-performance computational algorithms.
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