水平轴风力机气动计算的叶素动量修正法

摘要

将典叶素动量理论应用于实际风力机物理坐标系中，分析了叶轮倾角、叶轮偏航角、叶片锥角的影响。同时分析了风轮圆环平面内诱导因子的不均匀分布、气流的膨胀效应、气流的倾斜尾流等因素，并对叶素动量理论进行了修正。在对某风力机进行建模的基础上，利用修正后的动量理论计算了气动载荷，并与美国国家可再生能源实验室数据进行了比较，计算结果与实验结果符合得很好。由此表明，修正叶素动量理论计算方法可作为风力机设计时的载荷计算工具。%Aerodynamic load will affect the life of wind turbine strongly, so the calculation of aerodynamics plays an important role in wind turbine design and load estimation. Considering wind turbine tilt angle, yaw angle and cone angle, the classical BEM（ blade element momentum） method is applied in a real wind turbine coordinate system, which is improved based on related references and international standard in this paper. Simultaneously considering uneven distribution of air flow, flow expansion and wake tilting, the amended BEM is furtherly improved. A real wind turbine aerodynamic load is calculated and the calculation results are in good accordance with the experiment data, which proves the availability of the method improved in this paper.