绞吸式挖泥船绞刀系统技术现状及发展

摘要

Cuter system is the core work body of cutter suction dredger. Its function is to move the soil away from their original position and mix the soil with the water nearly through the cutter’s cutting action, improve cutter system performance, and improve the work efficiency of dredger significantly. In a comprehensive study and analysis of soil cutting theory, the status and development of domestic and foreign forms of cutter structure and its driving technology are summarized. According to the characteristics of the dredging project, using the machining process, abrasion resistance, adjustable environment-friendly cutter can significantly improve the work performance. The characteristics of the hydraulic motor, AC and DC motor driven cutter system and the existing problems are compared, and it can be obtained that using the good switched reluctance motor drive, high efficiency, small loss of driving mode will be the development trend of the drive system.%绞刀系统是绞吸式挖泥船的核心工作机构，其利用绞刀的切削作用将水下泥土搬离原有位置并与附近的水混合形成泥浆以便于输送，改善绞刀系统性能可显著提高挖泥船工作效率。在综合研究和分析绞刀切削理论基础上，本文归纳和总结了国内外挖泥船绞刀结构形式、驱动技术的现状和进展。针对具体疏浚工程特点，提出采用适于加工工艺、耐磨、可调环保型绞刀，可明显提高绞刀工作性能。比较和分析了液压马达、交直流电机驱动绞刀系统的特点和存在的问题，表明采用调速优良、效率高、损耗小的开关磁阻电机驱动方式将是绞刀驱动系统发展的趋势。