为优化多孔金属材料的制备方法,深入认识性能并扩大其应用,本文综述了多孔金属材料的化学制备方法、性能及应用.制备方法主要从电沉积法、脱合金法、固体烧结法、液态凝固法等方面阐述,并围绕多孔金属材料所具有的吸声、过滤分离、导电导热及催化等性能,介绍了其在汽车工业、航空航天工业及生物医学方面的应用.文章最后简述了多孔金属材料逐渐向复合化、梯度化、孔结构多样化发展的未来趋势.%In order to optimize the preparation method ,deeply cognize the properties and extend the application of porous me-tallic materials ,the present paper reviews the preparation methods ,properties and applications of porous metallic materials .Prepa-ration methods mainly include the electrodeposition method ,dealloying method ,solid-state sintering process and liquid solidification . Based on the sound absorption properties ,separation performance ,thermal and electrical conductivities and catalytic performance of porous metallic materials ,the applications of porous metallic materials in automotive industry ,aerospace industry and biomedical fields are introduced .The paper ends with a brief description of the future development trend of porous metallic materials ,i .e .com-positing ,introducing gradient and diversifying porous structures .
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