层状金属复合材料加工技术研究现状

摘要

Three processing technologies of clad metal composite explosive welding method , rolling cladding and explo-sions-rolling cladding are summarized.Relevant technology research of the mechanism of explosive welding , ways of initia-tion, preparation of explosives, preferences and etc is described;the hot rolling cladding, cold rolling cladding with con-stant roller diameter and other technical status quo is discussed; the key of the explosion-rolling composite technology is selection of explosive welding parameter, even fraction between the metal layers, determination of the rolling process pa-rameters and so on.The development direction of the layered metal composite materials processing technology is:the com-plex structure of the material, increase damage tolerance and high composite toughening;functional integration, structural materials and functional materials interpenetration, comprehensive integration;high performance, and further improve spe-cific strength and specific modulus; intelligent, merging materials, structures and electrons; cost reduction-from the past mainly concerned with performance and quality to turn to reduce the cost .%概述了层状金属复合材料的爆炸焊接复合法、轧制复合法和爆炸-轧制复合法3种加工技术。介绍了爆炸焊接复合的机理研究及布药、起爆方式、炸药配制、参数选择等工艺技术研究；论述了轧制复合法的热轧复合、等辊径等辊速冷轧复合、等辊径等辊速冷轧复合的技术现状；探讨了爆炸-轧制复合技术的关键是爆炸焊接参数的选择、金属层之间均匀的牵引力、轧制工艺参数确定等。指出了层状金属复合材料加工技术的发展方向是：使材料结构复杂化，提高损伤容限，实现复合材料的韧化；功能一体化，结构材料和功能材料的相互渗透、综合集成；高性能化，进一步提高比强度、比模量；智能化，材料、结构和电子相互融合；低成本化，从过去主要关心性能与质量转到降低成本，强调低成本生产技术。