数控纵切机床滚齿关键技术及仿真试验

摘要

广州中国科学院先进技术研究所自主设计研发的数控纵切机床在具备车削、铣削、钻孔功能的基础上开发了滚齿功能.滚齿同步运动的控制采用了电子齿轮箱技术,而不同于传统滚齿机的机械传动方式.该机床对加工微小型精密工程零件非常有效,例如:生物医疗器械(牙科种植体)和用于高端机械手表里面的齿轮轴.分析滚齿内联传动关系,并设计了软件式电子齿轮箱,应用MATLAB进行滚齿仿真加工,最后对机床试验加工的小模数齿轮进行误差分析.将基于电子齿轮箱技术实现的滚齿内联传动,应用到数控纵切机床的滚齿功能上,可以满足零件加工的精度要求.%The NC swiss lathe designed by Guangzhou Institute of Advanced Technology(GIAT) develops the function of gear hobbing,in addition to turning,milling and drilling.Different from traditional gear hobbing machine,this system does not use mechanical transmissions to realize synchronization of the axes,but rather a special technique called electronic gearbox.The lathe is effective for machining miniature components,such as micro biomedical parts(dental implant)and miniature gears in mechanical movement.The key technologies are discussed,such as inner-linked transmission chains,design of software control strategy of electronic gearbox.Using MATLAB to simulate gear hobbing,then analyze the error of fine-module gear machined by the lathe.Realization of gear hobbing is based on the electronic gearbox,and the workpiece can attain the accuracy requirements.