离网小型垂直轴风力发电机流固耦合分析

摘要

针对离网小型垂直轴风力发电机工作中存在的流固耦合作用,根据湍流模型和流固耦合算法建立数学模型,利用COMSOL Mutiphysics软件对风力发电机叶片NACA0012翼型进行流固耦合计算,研究了翼型的气动性能.研究得出NACA0012翼型在攻角为14时开始出现失速特征,在失速前可达到最大升力阻力系数比值,升力约为阻力的55倍,具有优异的使用性能.翼型弦长变化对升阻力系数影响不大,仿真结果与国外公布的实验数据相符,验证了该方法的可行性,为离网小型垂直轴风力发电机叶片翼型设计提供新的理论基础.%For the fluid-structure interaction existed in the work of small vertical axis wind turbines. Established mathematical models accorded to the turbulence model and fluid-structure coupling algorithm. Analyzed the Fluid-Solid coupled of wind turbine blade NACA0012 by COMSOL Mutiphysics, and researched the aerodynamic performance of airfoil. The research resulted that NACA0012 airfoil began to appear stall when the angle of attack is 14.And the ratio of lift coefficient to drag coefficient will reach maximum before stall, and the ratio could be 55 which has excellent performance. Also this paper found that the change of chord length had less effect on the lift and drag coefficients, and the simulation accorded with international experimental data. Which verified this method is feasible and provide new theoretical basis about the blade airfoil design of small vertical axis wind turbine.