钛合金高速铣削加工表面残余应力的模拟研究

摘要

A closer to the actual model of milling cutter structure and three⁃dimensional ( 3D) milling with finite element method ( FEM) was established. The process of high⁃speed milling titanium alloy Ti6Al4V was simulated, analyzing the distribution of surface residual stress under different conditions of tool parameters and cutting parameters, and obtaining the basic influence rules of various factors on residual stresses was obtained. The results indicate the rules that the tensile residual stress in the surface of the workpiece is rapidly transformed into compressive stress, whose maximum value is found between 100~200 μm. The residual stress on machined surface is decreased with the increasing of the tool rake angle, cutting speed and feed per tooth. The cutting depth has little influence on the surface residual stress of workpiece.%采用有限元法建立了更接近实际的铣刀结构模型及三维铣削模型，对不同刀具参数和切削参数条件下高速铣削钛合金Ti6Al4V的表面残余应力进行了仿真分析，得到了各因素对表面残余应力分布的影响规律。结果表明：工件的残余应力在表层由拉应力迅速的转变为压应力，在100～200μm之间出现残余压应力的最大值。工件表层残余应力随刀具前角、切削速度和每齿进给量的增加而减小，切削深度对表层残余应力的影响不是很明显。