煤矿水压安全阀的气穴特性与结构优化

摘要

Take relief valve of mine water hydraulic three-function valve as the research object. Through computational fluid dy-namics(CFD)two-phase flow technology,contrast analysis of cavitation characteristics of slide valve type relief valve and needle type relief valve,study the pressure and cavitation distribution,and analysis influence of size of the relief valve structure on improving cavi-tation damage were carried out.And the slide valve relief valve of flow angle was optimized to further reduce the occurrence of cavitation phenomenon. Results show that: Relative to the needle valve type relief valve, slide valve type relief valve of cavitation damage is small. When the slide valve type relief valve of flow angle α=45°,the valve cavity cavitation intensity is minimum,cavitation area is minimum,and the maximum gas phase volume fraction is only 24.5% in the important valve mouth. After optimization of the relief valve can effectively restrain cavitation,improve safety performance and service life of the relief valve.%以煤矿水压三用阀中安全阀为研究对象,借助CFD两相流技术对比分析滑阀式安全阀和针阀式安全阀的气穴特性,研究其压力和气穴分布情况,分析安全阀结构尺寸对改善气蚀破坏的影响,并优化滑阀式安全阀流道的夹角,进一步减小气穴现象的发生.结果表明:相对于针阀式安全阀,滑阀式安全阀受到的气蚀破坏较小,当滑阀式安全阀的流道夹角α=45°时,阀腔的气穴强度最低,气穴面积最小,重要阀口处的最大气相体积分数仅为24.5%.优化后的安全阀能够有效抑制气穴的产生,提高安全阀的安全性能和使用寿命.