水平井体积压裂技术研究与应用

摘要

水平井体积压裂技术是有效开发低渗致密油气藏的关键技术.在深层及超深层碳酸盐岩油藏、致密砂岩油气藏和页岩气等领域,持续开展了裂缝与起裂扩展规律描述方法、裂缝参数优化方法、射孔工艺参数优化、多尺度压裂工艺参数优化方法、分段压裂工具、低伤害压裂酸化工作液体系、压后同步破胶及返排优化、体积裂缝诊断及效果评估方法等研究工作.在调研水平井体积压裂技术研究与现场应用最新进展的基础上,形成了以压前储层综合评价、油藏数值模拟、体积压裂优化设计方法、高效压裂液酸液体系、分段压裂工具/裂缝监测与诊断、压后返排优化控制等为主要内容的储层改造技术链,经华北鄂尔多斯致密砂岩气藏、新疆塔河超深层油藏及四川盆地深层页岩气等试验及推广,效果显著,极大地提高了裂缝的有效改造体积和勘探开发效果.对国内类似油气藏的压裂改造和增储上产均具有重要的借鉴和指导意义.%The volume fracturing for horizontal well is the key technology for effective exploitation of low per-meability tight reservoir.The significant progress has been made in the area of deep and ultra-deep carbonate reser-voir,tight sandstone and shale reservoir etc.The research work on description of fracture initiation and propaga-tion,optimization of fracture parameters,optimization of perforation parameters,multi-scales fracturing optimiza-tion,staged fracturing tool,low damage fracturing and acid fluids system,synchronous gel breaking and flow back optimizing and fracture monitoring and diagnosing have been carried out.The formation stimulation technical chain with proprietary intellectual property rights has been established,including comprehensive assessment of formation,numerical reservoir simulation,optimum design method of hydraulic fracturing,efficient fracturing and acid fluids system,staged fracturing tool and fracture monitoring and diagnosing and flow back control etc. The latest progress of horizontal well fracturing technic and field applications in SINOPEC were summarized, which have been tested and generalized in tight sandstone gas reservoir in Ordos in North China,ultra-deep reser-voir in Tahe Xinjiang and deep shale gas reservoir in Sichuan Basin.The effective stimulation reservoir volume and enhanced production of the low permeability reservoir above were significantly improved.These latest technics are important reference and guidance for the formation stimulation and enhancement work of similar domestic reservoirs.