Kirigami/origami:unfolding the new regime of advanced 3D microfabrication/nanofabrication with“folding”

摘要

Advanced kirigami/origami provides an automated technique for modulating the mechanical,electrical,magnetic and optical properties of existing materials,with remarkable flexibility,diversity,functionality,generality,and reconfigurability.In this paper,we review the latest progress in kirigami/origami on the microscale/nanoscale as a new platform for advanced 3D microfabrication/nanofabrication.Various stimuli of kirigami/origami,including capillary forces,residual stress,mechanical stress,responsive forces,and focussed-ion-beam irradiation-induced stress,are introduced in the microscale/nanoscale region.These stimuli enable direct 2D-to-3D transformations through folding,bending,and twisting of microstructures/nanostructures,with which the occupied spatial volume can vary by several orders of magnitude compared to the 2D precursors.As an instant and direct method,ion-beam irradiation-based tree-type and close-loop nano-kirigami is highlighted in particular.The progress in microscale/nanoscale kirigami/origami for reshaping the emerging 2D materials,as well as the potential for biological,optical and reconfigurable applications,is briefly discussed.With the unprecedented physical characteristics and applicable functionalities generated by kirigami/origami,a wide range of applications in the fields of optics,physics,biology,chemistry and engineering can be envisioned.