Aiming at the limitations of conventional computing for rectangular containers,a structure optimization method for rectangular vessels based on limit load analysis was put forward.The chamber structure of rectangular vessels was analyzed though nonlinear finite element analysis,and the most dangerous point′s load-displacement curve was available by Newton iteration method,then the limit load value of the structure was obtained on the basis of the twice elastic slope method.Combined with the orthogonal experimental method,the influence of various factors on the test target was analyzed.Results showed that rib thickness had the biggest influence on limit load,then rib height and shell thickness.The structure quality decreased by 43.5% on the basis of satisfying the ultimate bearing capacity and fatigue strength,which the optimization effect was obviously providing basis for related optimization design based on limit load in the future.%针对矩形容器常规计算时的局限性,笔者提出了基于极限载荷分析法的矩形容器结构优化方法.首先对矩形结构腔体进行了非线性有限元分析,采用牛顿迭代法得到最危险处的载荷-位移曲线,进而通过2倍弹性斜率法求得该结构的极限载荷值,结合正交试验设计法,考察主要参数筒体厚度、加强筋厚度、加强筋高度对结构极限载荷的影响.研究结果表明:加强筋厚度对极限载荷影响最大,其次是加强筋高度、筒体厚度,在满足结构极限承载能力与疲劳强度的基础上,最优方案矩形腔体结构质量减少了43.5%.该优化方法效果明显,为今后基于极限载荷的优化设计方法提供了参考.
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