不同栽培模式对刺龙牙生长及光合特性的影响

摘要

辽东山区刺龙牙主要栽培模式分别为红松刺龙牙混交模式、次生林下栽培模式、低山低效林下栽培模式，依次记为A区、B区、C区。在标准地内连续4a调查不同模式对刺龙牙生长、商品芽产量和生理特性等影响。结果表明：A区刺龙牙的当年成活率为98%，2015年保存率为90%，高于B区和C区；A区2013年苗木生长最好，2014年A区植株径高比大于B区和C区，表现出矮壮的特征；经过修剪后A区萌蘖和分枝比例最高；2014年刺龙牙茎杆数量A区＞C区＞B区；2015年商品芽产量A区＞C区＞B区；A区各时间的净光合速率高于B区和C区。因此，在辽东山区刺龙牙可与其他树种进行混栽，或在郁闭度0.4以下的低产低效林和林缘栽植，通过对刺龙牙进行人工修剪和更新复壮可以获得较高的经济效益。%Three main kind cultivation patterns of Aralia elata in east Liaoning mountainous area were mix-planted with Pinus koraien⁃sis,planted under secondary forest and planted under low-benefit forest in low hill.Three patterns were marked as A、B and C,respec-tively.The influence of different cultivation patterns on growth,yield and physiological property of Aralia elata were investigated in sample plots in four consecutive years.The results indicated that,in A district,the survival rate of Aralia elata in the first year was 98%,and the survival rate in 2015 was 90%,which was higher than that of B and C district.In A district,Aralia elata grew best in 2013,the diameter to height ratio in 2014 was bigger than that of B and C districts,and showed stocky characters.After pruning, sprouting and branching ratio of Aralia elata in A district was the highest.The rank of stem numbers arranged as following:A>C>B. The yield rank of commercial buds was A>C>B.the photosynthetic rate in every time of A district was bigger than that of B and C district.Therefore,in east Liaoning mountainous area,higher economical benefit of Aralia elata could be gained by mixing with other tree species,afforesting in low benefit forest with canopy density 0.4 or in forest edge,and combining with pruning and improvement.