CFRP与不锈钢激光焊接的有限元分析

摘要

In order to investigate the mechanism of laser welding of carbon fiber reinforced plastics ( CFRP ) and stainless steel, and find out the effect of different process parameters on welding quality, a 3-D finite element model based on heat conduction welding was built by ANSYS. The distributions of temperature field and stress field were calculated by ANSYS. The effect of process parameters, including laser power, scanning welding and spot diameter, on welding width and welding depth was investigated. And the influence of welding residual stress on the quality of welding was also investigated. The results show that temperature field and residual stress distributions can be rapidly and effectively simulated by the proposed finite element model. Welding width and depth are affected by laser power, scanning welding and spot diameter. The calculated distribution and the theoretical distribution of residual stress agree well. The result confirms that the model is reliable. The result is helpful to obtain high quality welded joints of CFRP-stainless steel.%为了研究碳纤维增强热塑性复合材料( CFRP)与不锈钢激光焊接的机理，及不同工艺参量对焊缝质量的影响规律，采用ANSYS建立了基于热传导焊的3维有限元模型，计算得到了温度场和应力场的分布，分析了激光功率、焊接速率和光斑直径等参量对焊缝宽度和焊接深度的影响规律，并进一步计算分析了焊接后的残余应力对焊接质量的影响情况。结果表明，该有限元模型能够快速、有效模拟激光对CFRP-不锈钢焊接温度场和残余应力分布；激光功率、焊接速率和光斑直径等工艺参量对焊缝宽度和焊接深度有着重要的影响；计算出的焊接残余应力与残余应力的理论分布规律也基本吻合，验证了该有限元模型的可靠性。该研究结果对获得高质量CFRP-不锈钢焊接接头是有帮助的。