混流式水轮机叶片性能热处理变形的数值模拟预测

摘要

本文建立了ZG06Cr13Ni5Mo不锈钢热处理过程的三维有限元模型,模拟了混流式水轮机叶片正火+回火热处理后的应变场分布,并将模拟的应变场分布结果与测量结果进行了比较,二者吻合较好,证明所建模型的有效性.在此基础上,得到了混流式水轮机叶片热处理后等效应变分布规律及各部位变形量分布.结果表明:混流式水轮机X型叶片一正两回热处理后,沿Z向出水边到进水边及进水边与上冠连接处与下环连接处变形量先减小后增大,呈V型变化规律.其中与下环连接处比与上冠连接处变形大,进水边比出水边变形大.本文提供了一种可用于预测复杂形状大尺寸叶片铸件性能热处理变形的数值模拟仿真预测方法,为混流式水轮机叶片制定合理的热处理工艺及设计提供理论依据.%A three dimensional finite element model of the heat treatment process of ZG06Crl3Ni5Mo stainless steel was established in this paper.The deformation distribution of Francis turbine blade during normalizing plus tempering was simulated.By comparing the measured deformation of the blade with the simulated value,it was closed to each other very well,which indicates this model is effective.Based on the results above,the distribution law of deformation of Francis turbine blade after the heat treatment was got.The results show that the deformation distribution of the X type blade shows V type law after normalizing from the trailing edge to leading edge.The deformation at leading edge is larger than trailing edge,and band side is larger than crown side.In this paper,a numerical simulation method to predict the heat treatment deformation of large complex blade was used,which provided a theoretical basis for complex surface blade designing and formulating a reasonable heat treatment process.