英国低碳经济中的政府规制及启示

摘要

Britain is an advocate and pioneer of global low - carbon economy and the government plays a leading role in the development of low -carbon economy. British government regulations include the following aspects: promoting the development of low - carbon economy to the national strategic level, introducing series of laws and regulations, integrating and establishing low -carbon economic development department, guiding enterprises in their application, research and development of low - carbon technologies; trying to help establish green bank and promoting low - carbon concept to the public. These approaches taken by British government bring a lot of inspirations to Chinese government, and we should learn from British government to promote the development of low - carbon economy.%高碳型经济发展模式带来了生态破坏、环境污染、气候变化等很多不利人类生存和发展的问题。低碳经济成为人类社会走向可持续发展的必由之路，也是对高碳模式的矫正和更新。发展低碳经济的目标是要减少人类对化石能源的依赖、控制温室气体排放，这不仅需要技术创新更要求制度和管理的创新。低碳发展逐渐成为当代各国政府管理创新的重要内容，英国政府在这方面有着较为成功的做法。在发展低碳经济的进程中，英国政府不仅起了主导作用，还实行了强有力的政府行为：将低碳经济提高到国家战略的高度；出台一系列法律法规；整合组建促进低碳经济发展的政府部门；鼓励低碳升级改造、引导低碳技术研发；尝试建立政府参与投资的绿色银行；积极宣传低碳理念等。我国在进行低碳经济转型过程中应学习英国的一些成熟做法。