高低速冲击下纺织品的抗冲击防护

摘要

无论是在高冲击速度,还是在低冲击速度下,纺织品及其复合结构在抗冲击防护方面均具有重要的作用.纺织品防弹层的抗冲击防护通常具有三维特征,能允许应力沿着纤维织物平面和厚度方向扩展.介绍了纺织品防弹层的能量吸收机理,以及在改善纤维织物高、低速冲击抗冲击性能方面取得的进展.研究进展包括纱线间摩擦、准各向同性、杂化设计等.同时通过对剪切增稠剂(STF)的表征可知,STF在降低防护用纺织品重量的同时可强化防护效果,所以由STF浸渍纤维织物得到的复合材料具有防刺穿功能.%Textile materials and structures play an important role in providing protection against high and low impact.The protective panels against impact loading are usually of 3D nature allowing stress to propagate in the fabric plane as well as through the thickness.This paper presents efforts made to understand the energy absorption mechanisms of the protective panels,and achievements in improving the performance of fabrics and panels against high and low impact loading.Research progress in inter-yarn friction,quasi-isotropic panel,hybrid design is reported.Characterisation of shear thickening fluid (STF) and effect of STF impregnated fabricbased assemblies on stabbing protection is also reported,highlighting the usefulness of STF in enhancing protection and in reducing the weight of protective textile materials.