河南省1992年至2011年麻疹流行病学特征

摘要

目的：分析河南省1992年至2011年麻疹流行病学特征，探讨麻疹防控措施。方法：采用描述性流行病学方法对法定传染病报告系统和麻疹监测系统1992年至2011年的资料进行分析。结果：1992年至2011年河南省麻疹年均发病率为5．27/10万；2011年麻疹发病率大幅降低至历史最低水平；0～4岁组儿童发病率最高，＜1岁组病例构成比逐年上升；2010年以来各市麻疹发病降低，季节高峰不明显；无免疫史病例所占比例逐年上升，估算接种率低于报告水平。结论：1岁以下儿童是麻疹防控的重点。规范化接种、提高含麻疹成分疫苗（MCV）接种率、采取多种方式加强对重点地区儿童的预防接种服务是今后全省麻疹防控的重点工作。%Aim: To analyze the epidemiological characteristics of measles in Henan Province from 1992 to 2011 . Methods:Descriptive epidemiological analysis was conducted on the incidence data of measles reported through notifiable communicable disease reporting system and measles surveillance system .Results: The average annual incidence was 5.27/100 000 from 1992 to 2011.The incidence significantly reduced to the lowest level in 2011.The incidence was high-est in children aged 0 to 4 years, and the proportion in children aged <1 year increased notably .The incidence was re-duced in all cities , and the incidence peak was unconspicuous .The proportion of cases without non-immunized history was increased year by year .The estimated vaccination rate was lower than that reported .Conclusion: Children under 1 year old is the focus of prevention and control of measles .The emphasis in work are standardized vaccination , increasing the vaccination rate of MCV , and improving service to children in key regions .