滤光片带宽对光电效应测量普朗克常数的影响

摘要

在光电效应测量普朗克常数实验中,由于滤光片和固体能带都具有一定的带宽,对测量的精度会产生影响.将带宽更窄的干涉滤光片取代带宽较宽的色玻璃滤光片,利用零点法、拐点法和曲率法分别测得365,405,436,546,577 nm五个波长光的反向遏止电压,并应用最小二乘法分别进行直线拟合求出普朗克常数.实验结果表明:曲率法的相对误差较其他两者小,且利用曲率法测得干涉滤光片的普朗克常数相对误差为0.04%,远小于色玻璃滤光片的相对误差(2.75%).因此利用带宽更窄的干涉滤光片可以进一步提高普朗克常数的测量精度,这有助于进一步加深理解能量量子化的概念.%In the experiment of Plank constant measurement with photoelectric effect method ,the accuracy of measurement will be affected by the bandwidth of filter and solid energy band .The reverse cut-off voltages of 365 ,405 ,436 ,546 ,577 nm wavelengths are measured by using null point ,turning point and curvature methods with the interference filter with narrow bandwidth in place of stained glass filter with broad bandwidth .Then the Plank constant is determined by using line fitting with least square method .The experimental results show that the relative error using curvature method is less than the other two .The relative error of Plank constant measured by curvature method using interference filter is 0 .04% .It is far less than that using stained glass filter (2 .75% ) . The interference filter with narrow bandwidth can improve the measuring accuracy of Plank constant .It can further comprehend the concept of energy quantization .