人民币汇率措施不构成WTO框架下的出口补贴

摘要

将汇率低估视为出口补贴进而采取反补贴措施并对来自于汇率低估国家的产品征收惩罚性关税,是美国参众两院在国内利益集团的推动下出台的多项议案的核心内容之一.事实上,WTO框架下的出口补贴是经过严格界定的,人民币汇率措施既不构成财政资助又不与出口实绩相联系,不完全具备出口补贴的构成要件,中国的货币政策有利于出口商这一事实并不表明中国政府给予出口商以SCM协定中界定的财政资助.%The core of many bills submitted by some congressmen involes that U. S. Should treat fundamentally undervalued currency as an export subsidy, and impose punitive tarriff on the products from the countries that undervalued its currency. In fact, export subsidy is defined by the WTO strictly, RMB exchange regime is not a financial contribution and not contingent on the export performance, and it fails to meet the requirements of an export subsidy. The fact that China's currency policy benefits exporters does not indicate that a financial contribution defined by the SCM Agreement is made by the Chinese government to exporters.