神仙道化剧和八仙的形成

摘要

There is a nutrient of the formation of the eight immortals in the soil of Chinese traditional culture.Im-mortals and Taoist drama of Yuan dynasty promotes the formation of them,and traditional operas and popular fic-tions of Ming dynasty shape them.The culture of the eight immortals has a significant impact on Chinese custom.In a word,the formation of the eight immortals is the output of the fusion of Taoist belief and folk custom.It becomes a characteristic branch in hundreds of years of spread and evolution,in which immortals and Taoist drama of Yuan dynasty play a foundational role.%中国传统文化中有形成八仙群体的土壤，元代的神仙道化剧促成了八仙群体的形成，明代的戏曲、通俗小说促成八仙群体定型，八仙文化对中国社会民风民俗有着巨大影响。八仙群体的形成，是道教神仙信仰和民间世俗文化长期融合的结果，它在数百年的传播和演进过程中，逐渐形成了一个独具特色的文化分支，其间元代神仙道化剧起了一个中转和奠基的作用。