论威尔逊政府的海洋自由构想

摘要

During World War I, Wilson administration developed the plan for the Freedom of the Seas in defending own neutral rights and mediating European war.After joining the war, Wilson administration further more upraised the significance of the freedom of the seas, and broadened its connotation to incor-porate it into the frame of the League of Nations, endowing it with abundant economic, political and stra-tegic meanings and expectations.Wilson’ s vision on the freedom of the seas was both idealism and real-ism.The intangible and impractical emptiness, together with British resistance, led to the failure of this proposal.%第一次世界大战爆发后，威尔逊政府在维护自身中立权利和调解欧洲争端的过程中，提出了“海洋自由”计划。美国参战后，威尔逊进一步拓展提升海洋自由的意义和地位，形成了国联框架内的海洋自由构想，寄托了丰富的经济、政治和战略意义和期望。威尔逊政府的海洋自由构想具有理想主义和现实主义的双重性，但抽象空洞、难以操作以及英国的抵制导致了它的失败。