辐射供冷空调系统下的人体热舒适性研究

摘要

为了深入研究辐射供冷空调系统下的人体热舒适性,对辐射供冷空调系统的传热机理进行了分析,合理简化了人体热平衡方程,获得了人体显热散热量、辐射对流散热量比与热舒适性的关系.实验及数值模拟结果表明:在辐射供冷空调系统下,人体热舒适性指标(PMV)与人体显热散热量之间具有较好的线性关系,利用该线性关系,可从人体热平衡的角度直接对人体热舒适性进行评价;人体辐射对流散热量比与热舒适性指标之间没有明显的相关关系,即人体辐射对流散热量比对热舒适性没有影响.因此,在保证人体热舒适性的基础上,可以通过提高人体辐射对流散热量比,即使辐射供冷空调系统具有较大的辐射末端面积、较低的辐射末端温度或较高的送风温度,从而达到建筑节能的效果.此项研究可为辐射供冷空调系统的热舒适性评价及系统设计提供参考.%To explore the human body thermal comfort under radiative cooling air conditioning system,the heat transfer mechanism of radiative cooling air conditioning system is investigated.The relationship of the thermal comfort indicator with the human body's sensible heat loss and the ratio of radiative heat loss to convective heat loss is achieved.Both experimental and numerical results show that the human body thermal comfort index,i.e.,predicted mean vote (PMV),is approximately linear with the sensible heat loss of human body under the radiative cooling air conditioning system.Thus,the human body thermal comfort could be directly evaluated by the human body thermal balance according to the obtained linear relationship.Furthermore,it is found that the ratio of radiative heat loss to convective heat loss of human body has no effect on PMV.Therefore,on the basis of maintaining human body thermal comfort,it is conceivable that the higher ratio of radiative heat loss to convective heat loss,which means larger radiative area or higher air supply temperature,could be beneficial to energy conservation.This study may provide a reference for both assessment of human body thermal comfort and system design of radiative cooling air conditioning system.