我国于1997～2003年完成第1次全国重点保护野生植物资源调查后，为加强珍稀濒危和重点保护野生植物的保护，提出了“极小种群野生植物”的概念。随着极小种群野生植物概念和保护方法的完善，保护行动取得了显著进展，并陆续提出了各种不同的极小种群野生植物名录。本文在总结2005～2013年间云南省和国家林业局提出的所有极小种群野生植物名录基础上，分析了各极小种群野生植物名录的起源和关系，并对保护名录中的物种进行逐个比较。最后，结合国家和省的保护需求，将云南省77种极小种群野生植物分成5级，按优先度实施保护行动：第一批优先保护10个物种，第二批优先保护13个物种，第三批保护15个物种，第四批保护10个物种，第五批保护29个物种，为云南省极小种群野生植物保护提供了指导和参考。%After the completion of the National Key Protected Wild Plant Resources Inventory from 1997 to 2003,in an effort to strengthen the conservation of rare and endangered plants in China , the concept of wild plant species with extremely small populations ( PSESP ) was proposed in 2005 .With better understanding of the concept , im-provement in methodologies ,and progresses made in conservation actions ,a number of PSESP lists from both nation-al and provincial levels were subsequently promulgated in different stages to reorient conservation actions .There were ,however ,puzzles from various PSESP lists while conservation plans were being implemented .In this paper ,we reviewed different PSESP lists in Yunnan Province from 2005 to 2013,and analyzed their origins and interrelation-ships.All PSESP lists were further indexed to make species-by-species comparison.Taking into account both the na-tional and provincial conservation interests , we classified the 77 PSESP in Yunnan into five categories which were then prioritized for focusing conservation actions .The results showed that there were 10 species in the first batch ,13 species in the second batch ,15 in the third batch ,10 species in the fourth batch ,and 29 species in the fifth batch . The study provides guidance for PSESP conservation in Yunnan ,and can be used as references for other provinces .
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