贵州皱叶膏桐和普通膏桐营养转运和光合特征∗

摘要

By using portable photosynthetic instrument Li-6400 with combination of stable carbon ( 13 C ) isotope labeling technique, the δ13 C values and relevant photosynthetic indicators of Jatropha nigroviensrugosus CV Yang and ordinary Jatropha curcas at different flowering periods were measured and analyzed. The results showed that there were significant different among δ13 C values, Pn, Tr, Gs and Ci, The leaf δ13 C values, Pn, Tr and Gs of Jatro-pha nigroviensrugosus during leaf bud period was higher than that of flower bud period, Ci-flower bud>Ci-leaf bud . The leaf δ13 C values, Tr, Gs and Ci of ordinary Jatropha curcas during flower bud period was higher than that of leaf bud period, Pn-leaf bud>Pn-flower bud , for Jatropha nigroviensrugosusδ13 C-flower bud>δ13 C-cymelet flower>δ13 C-mature flower , and ordinary Jatropha curcas was on the contrary. The changes in material and energy transport showed that a large number assimilate nutrients were transported to leaf bud for differentiation and development of leaf bud to the flower bud during the leaf bud period of Jatropha nigroviensrugosus, a large number of assimilates nutrients were transpor-ted to the flower bud for male flower differentiation and morphogenesis during the leaf bud period of ordinary Jatro-pha curcas. The differences ofδ13 C value content in leaf and inflorescence were related with the amount of male and female flowers bloom, the inflorescence with higherδ13 C value had a higher proportion of male and female flowers.For Jatropha curcas, the control of female flower differentiation of may occur in the conversion period from leaf bud to flower bud, the control of flowering amount may occur in the period of inflorescence development.%利用便携式光合仪Li-6400,并结合稳定碳(13C)同位素标记技术,研究分析皱叶膏桐和普通膏桐不同开花期的δ13 C值及各光合指标,并分析相互关系。结果表明：不同生长期的枝条叶片δ13 C值、 Pn、 Tr、 Gs和Ci的差异均显著,皱叶膏桐叶片δ13 C值、 Pn、 Tr和Gs表现为叶芽期>花芽期, Ci表现为花芽期>叶芽期,普通膏桐δ13 C值、 Tr、 Gs和Ci均表现为花芽期>叶芽期, Pn表现为叶芽期>花芽期；皱叶膏桐不同时期δ13 C值表现出花芽>小花序>成熟花序,普通膏桐则正相反。物质能量的转运变化表明,皱叶膏桐在叶芽期将大量同化营养物向叶芽转运用于叶芽向花芽分化发育,普通膏桐在叶芽期将大量同化营养物向花芽转运用于雄花分化发育及花序形态建成。两树种不同时期营养物质的转运变化显示,叶片和花序δ13 C值含量的差异与雌雄花开花量相关,较高δ13 C值的花序具有较高雌雄花比例。初步推测膏桐控制雌花分化的阶段可能发生在叶芽向花芽转化期,控制开花量的阶段可能发生在花序发育时期。