剑川县海门口遗址饱水古木壳聚糖法加固处理

摘要

以剑川县海门口遗址挖掘出的21根饱水古木为材料,用壳聚糖法对其进行加固,测定其木材物理性状和耐菌腐性能,评价其处理效果.结果表明:用壳聚糖法加固后古木的基本密度从0.16g/cm3增加到了0.36g/cm3,说明大量加固试剂可浸入至古木内部;加固古木顺纹抗压强度从3.67MPa增加到了19.94MPa,加固古木力学强度完全可以满足后续的运输及贮存;3个切面的表面接触角平均值从39°增加到了95°,说明加固古木的疏水性明显提高,使其内滋生的微生物难以获得足够的水分而无法在加固古木内生存,从而提高加固古木的耐菌腐性能,增强了木材耐腐性;通过扫描电子显微镜观察可以发现浸入古木内部的壳聚糖大部分沉积在细胞壁内,使细胞腔壁饱满,其细胞壁比未加固前明显增厚.%21 water archaeological wood in Haimenkou ruins were treated with chitosan reinforcement.After testing physical characters,bacteriostasis and corrosion resistance of the treated wood,it was concluded that:The basic density increased from 0.16g/cm3 to 0.36g/cm3,which shows that a large number of reinforcing agents are infiltrated into the archaeological wood;The parallel-to-grain compressive strength increased from 3.67MPa to 19.94MPa,the mechanical strength of treated wood completely meets the needs of subsequent storage and transport;The average value of surface contact angle of three facets increased from 39°to 95°,the hydrophobicity of reinforced archaeological wood increased obviously,which makes the microorganisms difficult to obtain enough water and to survive in the archaeological wood,so as to improve bacteriostasis and corrosion resistance.It was found that almost all of the chitosan were deposited in the cell wall of archaeological wood by scanning with electron microscope,the cell wall of reinforcement archaeological wood was very plump,significantly thicker than that of the unreinforced.