声速对河口区域回波测深的精度影响研究

摘要

回波测深是目前水深测量采用的主要原理，声速是回波测深精度的重要影响因素之一。文章分析了声速影响水深测量精度的基本理论，包括声速误差引起的垂直差、声线弯曲引起的测深差、回波位置偏移以及声速时空变化引起的测深差；同时以瓯江口水深测量项目为例进行了详细量化计算，归纳总结了河口区域水深测量期间声速对测深精度的影响，并就减少相应误差给出了参考建议。%Echo sounding is the main principle of the current sounding,and sound velocity is one of the impor⁃tant factors impacting the accuracy of echo sounding. In this paper, the basic theory of sounding accuracy impacted by sound velocity was analyzed, which including the vertical error, errors caused by the bending of the sound, the er⁃ror caused by echo location deviation and the error caused by the temporal and spatial variation of sound velocity. The detailed computation based on the Oujiang Estuary sounding project was also carried out in this paper, and some suggestions were given to reduce the sounding error in the estuary projects.