水电站溢洪道中墩尾部水翅消减方案试验研究

摘要

As one of the key issues of hydraulic engineering research ,the water wing phenomenon at the pier tails in hy-dropower station spillways is widespread and harmful to the structures .In order to optimize the flow pattern at the pier tails in the spillways and reduce water shock waves ,variable width inclined tail piers were designed by using the method of theoretical analysis ,followed by the model test of the designed piers and conventional tail piers .According to the test results ,the largest water wing occurs when there is no tail pier in the spillway ,oval and round piers can improve the flow structure to a certain extent ,but the deduction of water wing scale is limited ,while the variable width inclined tail piers can effectively disperse flow hedging points ,improve the structure of the flow ,and significantly reduce water wing scale , therefore improve the flow pattern .%水电站溢洪道中墩尾部水翅现象十分普遍且危害严重，是水利工程中研究的重点课题。为优化溢洪道中墩尾部水流形态，减小水流冲击波，采用理论分析的方法，设计了变宽度斜尾墩，并采用物理模型的形式对变宽度斜尾墩以及传统尾墩形式进行了试验研究。从试验结果来看：水翅规模最大的是无尾墩方案，椭圆形和尖圆形方案能在一定程度上改善水流结构；但水翅规模消减程度有限；而变宽度斜尾墩能有效的分散水流对冲点，改善水流结构，显著的减小水翅规模，改善流态。