返回舱在返回过程中可能偏离预定地点从而导致回收方式的改变,并且影响航天员和仪器的着陆安全.分析着水与着陆冲击响应特点及影响因素,研究两者之间的兼容性对于乘员保护具有重要意义.基于有限元模拟计算结果,利用试验设计方法对着陆冲击影响因素进行显著性分析.同时,结合着水冲击影响因素,在不同条件下分析着水与着陆工况冲击兼容性,结果表明:在相同冲击工况下(垂直速度与水平速度分别相等),着陆冲击所产生的加速度值较大,着水冲击更有利于乘员保护；在等效回收工况下,着水与着陆冲击曲面存在交叉；在相同的冲击伤害风险下,着水冲击满足风险要求的工况组合可能性更多.此外还得到着水与着陆冲击不同工况下的约束曲线图.%When returning, the capsule may deviate from the predetermined location,which probably leads to the change of capsule recovery mode. This change may have a bad effect on the safety of astronauts and equipment. To analyse water and landing impact response characteristics and their influencing factors as well as to research the compatibility between them are of great importance to occupant protection. Based on finite element simulation results, the test procedures were designed to analyse the significance of landing impact factors. Meanwhile, combining with water impact factors, the compatibility between water and landing impact under different conditions was analysed. The results indicate that under the same conditions (with the same vertical velocity and horizontal velocity), landing impact generates larger accelerations and water impact is more conducive to occupant protection. Under equivalent conditions, a cross exists between water and landing impact curve surfaces and the recovery method can be selected according to the situation. With the same degree of injury risk for water impact, there is more possibility to compose adequate conditions that can meet the risk requirements. Moreover, constrained surface maps of water and landing impact under different conditions were obtained as well.
展开▼
