From the point of view of the system of supply and demand network, a competitive facility location model was built aiming at the objective of minimum loss of the system by introducing a utility function. The model improves the limitations of the existing models, which aim at maximizing the utility of the new facilities. Compared with traditional methods, this optimization target reduces the vicious competition between individuals, and reflects the concept of win-win cooperation better. The problem of competitive facility location is an NP difficult problem. Therefore an effective scatter search heuristic algorithm was devised according to the model characteristics,and the detailed implementation steps were given. By calculating and programming on a set of examples with the Lingo software and the scatter search algorithm programming,it can be concluded that the algorithm has a fast running speed and good convergence.%从供需网系统的角度出发,通过引入效用函数,建立起以系统内损最小化为目标的选址模型,该模型改进了现有竞争性设施选址模型中以新建设施的效益最大化为目标的局限性.与传统方法相比,这样的优化目标减少了个体间的恶性竞争,较好地体现了合作共赢的理念.竞争性设施的选址是NP困难问题,因而根据模型特点,给出了分散搜索算法及实施策略,并分别用Lingo软件和分散搜索算法编程对一组算例进行计算比较,两种算法的运算结果显示,分散搜索算法的运行速度快而且收敛性好.
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